The modern world faces many major
problems to which there are no easy solutions. These include unemployment,
health, over-population and of course the environment. All have a bearing on
all our lives, but is the environment really the most important?
If people are unemployed, they are
unable to earn money and it is a fact of life that without an income it is
difficult to live. Of course, work provides more than financial support; it
gives people self-esteem and pride.
Unfortunately, technological develop-ments and other factors mean that
the job market is shrinking world-wide and young people have reduced prospect s
for work. Although this is certainly a major threat to people’s well-being, it
needs to be addressed by individual governments rather than globally.
Health
is clearly an important concern that affects both individuals and the planet as
a whole, Even though many illnesses have been eradicated, others remain a
threat, and the overuse of antibiotics has led to the development of resistant
strain of bacteria. Nevertheless, on the whole, general health is improving,
and in the developing countries medical aid programs are already working
towards creating a healthier population.
Over-population
has implications for all of us, and improved general health means that people
are living longer. However, as with health, there are already programs in place
implementing measures to deal with not only a rising population, but also an
ageing population.
So
what about the environment? There are
urgent issues that need to be faced, including global warming, pollution and
the loss of species. Unlike the other issues discussed, there is no clear
global move a direct impact on the whole planet. Climate change and destruction
of ecosystems could endanger all life on the planet if not dealt with quickly
and at an international level.
In conclusion, other problems
primarily affect only the quality of life, whereas environmental issues affect
the actual existence of life itself. It is clear, therefore, that protecting
the environment is the most important problem facing the world today.
1. According to the text, the most
complicated global problems to solve include the following, except …..
A. the increase in the rate of
unemployed people
B. population explosion due to general
health improvement
C. the bad condition of medical care
and services
D. the threat of advanced technological
developments
2. The world’s job market is shrinking
because of ……
A. young people’s reduced prospects for
work
B. various developments in technology
C. the lack of people who qualify for
the available jobs
D. people’s exaggerated self-esteem and
pride
3. In spite of the improved general
health, a threat form illnesses still exists due to ….
A. the use of too much antibiotics
which makes bacteria resistant
B. the fact that the number of ageing
people is increasing
C. the focus on the eradication of only
major diseases
D. the concern that health affects both
individuals and the planet
4. Which of the following statements is
true about environmental problems?
A. They are problems related to the
quality of life.
B. They include unemployment, health
and over-population.
C. They should be solved by individual
governments.
D. They need to be overcome by the
cooperation of all
nations.
5. The underlined phrase in ‘All have
a bearing on our lives ……’ in line 2 means ….
A. might endanger
B. have an impact
C. have difficulty
D. cause trouble
Text
II
There
are two types of monochromatic or black-and- white photos. One type is a
gray-scale photograph, which is truly black and white. In a gray-scale photo,
all you see is black, white, and shades of gray. Gray-scale photos tend to have
a stark, cold look to them. The other type is sepia. Sepia photographs use
shades of brown in place of shades of gray. Photographers started using the
sepia process to give their photos warmer tones.
Some
people think that sepia photographers are just gray-scale photos that have
“aged”, that have changed color over the years, but this isn’t true. Sepia
photos use silver sulphide in the developing process in place of silver iodide
and can last 150 years with proper storage…………………
6. With which of the following
sentences should the paragraph end?
A. Thus, only those who know about
photographs will develop their photos in sepia.
B. Hence, sepia and gray-scale look
different because of different colors used in shades.
C. This can be very valuable for the
art photographic work to be displayed in galleries.
D. Therefore, most old photographs you
see use shades of brown because they use sepia.
7. What is the topic of the paragraph?
A. The use of gray-scale in photography
B. Two types of monochromatic photos
C. The advantages of gray-scale over
sepia
D. The history of photography
Text
III
…………………………………………………..
(1)
As many foods contain large amounts of water, they freeze solidly at or just
below 32 degrees Fahrenheit. (2) When we lower the temperature to well below
the freezing point and prevent air from penetrating the food, we retard the
natural process of decay that causes food to spoil. (3) Freezing preserves the
flavor and nutrients of food better than any other preservatives method. (4)
The discovery of freezing has changed our eating habits more than any other
related invention. (5) When properly prepared and packed, foods and vegetables
can be stored in the freezer for one year. (6) Most vegetables and some fruits
need blanching-putting in boiling water for a short time-before they are
frozen, and to avoid this step would be an expensive mistake. (7) The result
would be a product completely lacking of vitamins and minerals.
8. The sentence which
is irrelevant to the topic is sentence number ….
A. 3 C. 6
B. 4 D. 7
9. What is the paragraph following the
above text most probably about?
A. Different kinds of vegetables and different
time of blanching.
B. The result of blanching different
vegetables.
C. The process of blanching and its
effects.
D. The vitamins and minerals in
different vegetables.
Text
IV
The
human memory was formerly believed to be rather inefficient of compared with,
for example, computers. But we are finding that we probably have a much more sophisticated
mechanism than we had ….. (10)
assumed. Researchers …. (11)
the problem from a variety of points of views have all conclude that there is a
great deal more stored in our minds than …. (12) generally assumed. Dr. Wilder
Penfield, a Canadian neurosurgeon proofed that by stimulating their brains
electrically, he ….. (13)
elicit the total recall of complex events in his subject ‘lives’. Events dreams
and other minor events supposedly forgotten for many years suddenly …. (14) in detail. The memory trace,
which forms the internal representation of the specific information about an
event stored in the memory, is probably made by structural changes in the
brain, …. (15)
the problem is that the memory trace isn’t really subject to direct …. (16) because it’s more a theoretical
construct that we use …..(17)
about how information presented at a particular time can cause performance at a
later time.
10. A. rarely C.
practically
B. originally D.
considerably
11. A. thinking C.
comparing
B. realizing D.
approaching
12. A. was being C.
will be
B. is D. is being
13. A. would rather C. should have
B. used to D. was able to
14. A. are emerging C. emerged
B. were emerging D. had emerged
15. A. therefore C.
hence
B. moreover D.
but
16. A. observe C.
observation
B. observed D.
observably
17. A. speculating C. speculated
B. to speculate D. to be speculating
18. ‘Do you teach all the tourists how
to do batik painting?’
‘No, only those …. In batik’
A. interest
B. interested
C. interesting
D. to be interesting
19. As I found out that not all the
workshop participants knew about today’s schedule, I got my secretary …. It
right away.
A. distributing
B. distributed
C. she distributes
D. to distribute
20. ‘What is she worrying about this
time?’
‘ ….from her son after the car
accident.’
A. Not to hear
B. Having heard
C. She hasn’t heard
D. Not having heard
21. ‘I heard that Lola’s marriage has
been arranged by her family.’
‘Really? So she is marrying a man ….
She hardly knows.’
A. whom C. that is
B. to whom D.
which
22. ‘Where are the song lyrics we’re
going to give to the members of the coir?’
‘Oh, they ……..’
A. are copying
B. are being copied
C. to copy
D. to be copied
23. Tari was punished by the teacher not
only because she forgot to bring her book …..
A. and she didn’t do her homework
B. but she don’t do her homework either
C. but also she didn’t her homework
D. as well as she don’t do her homework
24. ….the last lunar mission took place
over thirty years ago, the desire to see people return to them one seems as
strong now as in the 1960s
A. when
B. Since
C. Although
D. Before
25. ‘I would have applied for the
scholarship if I had seen the announcement earlier.’
‘ …..’
A. Perhaps you can try next year.
B. Let me help you complete the forms.
C. Which university did you apply to?
D. That’s a good idea. I’m sure you
will get it.
